Electromagnetic theory and Modern optics
Questions List:
1. Explain the characteristics of lasers
2. Deduce the relationship between the Einstein coefficients of spontaneous and stimulated emission from a consideration of the Planck’s radiation formula.
3. Derive an expression for population inversion density in a four level laser system and hence explain the life time of the lower lasing level.
4. What are the various line broadening mechanisms? Obtain expressions for FWHM for all these mechanisms
5. Discuss the principle and working of a Helium-neon laser.
6. Explain the term population inversion in lasers and mention why it is necessary for laser action.With a neat diagram, explain the construction and working principle of a Ruby laser
7. Using an energy level diagram explain the mechanism and structure of a Dye laser.
8. What are the features of a semiconductor laser? Obtain an expression for the laser action.
9. Explain the construction and working of CO2 laser.
10. Obtain the expression for producing population inversion by phonon excitation taking an example of solid state laser.
11. Explain principle of Holography and method of obtaining a hologram along with its characteristics.
12. Discuss the theory of holography. What are the characteristics of the holograms?
13. Describe the applications of holography to interferometry and optical memories.
14. Discuss the applications of holography.
15. What is a hologram? Give by simple theory, the recording and reconstruction of information on a hologram. What are the specific advantages of an image formed holographic ally?
16. Discuss the propagation of meridional ray through an optical fiber.(Ray optics representation)
17. Explain the mode theory for circular wave guides.
18. Explain the structure and advantage of step index fiber. Explain the signal degradation in optical fibers.
19. Explain Signal distortion in optical waveguides.
20. Einstein coefficients.
21. Directionality of laser
22. Relation between the coherence of the field and the size of the source for laser action.
23. Amplification of a medium.
24. Optical resonator
25. Three level laser
26. Applications of lasers
27. Homogeneous line broadening
28. Optical memories
29. Hologram recording materials
30. Types holograms
31. TIR
32. Wave Representation
33. Numerical aperture in graded index fiber.
34. Numerical aperture and its significance
35. Information capacity of optical fibers
36. Optical fiber materials
“Physics is enjoyable”
No comments:
Post a Comment